NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

The NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 – “Minerals and Energy Resources” provides comprehensive and detailed answers to all questions in the chapter. This chapter explains the importance of minerals and energy resources in India’s development, discussing the different types of minerals (metallic and non-metallic), their distribution, and methods of extraction. It also explores conventional energy sources like coal, petroleum, and natural gas, as well as non-conventional sources like solar, wind, and tidal energy.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

Exercises

Multiple choice questions.

(i) Which one of the following minerals are formed by the decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?

(a) Coal

(b) Bauxite

(c ) Gold

(d) Zinc

Solution: (b) Bauxite

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand, is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?

(a) Bauxite

(b) Mica

(c ) Iron Ore

(d) Copper

Solution: (b) Mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the strata of which of the following rocks?

(a) Sedimentary Rocks

(b) Metamorphic Rocks

(c ) Igneous Rocks

(d) None of the above

Solution: (a) Sedimentary Rocks

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?

(a) Oil

(b) Uranium

(c ) Thorium

(d) Coal

Solution: (c ) Thorium

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.

Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

Solution:

a.Ferrous minerals are metallic minerals that have iron in them. For instance, cobalt, manganese, nickel, and iron ore.
Non-ferrous minerals are metallic as well, but they are iron-free. For instance, zinc, copper, gold, etc.
b. Traditional energy sources include coal, firewood, petroleum, natural gas, electricity (thermal and hydel), cattle dung cake, and coal.

Solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas, and atomic energy are examples of non-conventional energy sources.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

(ii) What is a mineral?

Solution:

It is possible to characterise minerals as uniform, naturally occurring materials with a discernible internal structure. From the hardest diamond to the softest talc, minerals can be found in nature in a variety of forms.

(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?

Solution: Minerals may be found in the voids, fissures, faults, or joints of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Veins are the smaller deposits, and lodes are the larger ones.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Solution: Just 1% of the earth’s crust is made up of mineral deposits. Since the rates of replenishment are very low compared to the current rate of consumption, the geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that we must conserve our mineral resources.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India

Solution: Coal is found in rock series of the following two major geological ages in India:
1. Gondwana, which is 200 million years old
b. 55 million-year-old tertiary deposits

The following areas contain the majority of Gondwana coal resources:

The Damodar Valley (West Bengal, Jharkhand) – significant coalfields include Jharia, Raniganj, and Bokaro.
b. Valley of Godavari
c. The Mahanadi Valley d. The Son Valley e. The Wardha Valley
The northeastern states of Nagaland, Assam, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh are home to tertiary coal.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 5

(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?

Solution:

India is a tropical nation with vast potential for harnessing solar energy, so solar energy has a bright future here. In rural and isolated places, solar energy is quickly gaining popularity. The largest solar power plant in India is situated in Madhapur, close to Bhuj, and uses solar radiation to sterilise milk cans. Utilising solar energy is anticipated to reduce rural households’ reliance on dung cakes and firewood, thereby helping to preserve the environment and provide an adequate supply of manure for agriculture.

Renewable and unconventional, solar energy comes from the sun. In addition to being beneficial for the environment, using solar energy will lessen our reliance on petrol and oil.