NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

The NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 – “Water Resources” provide detailed and well-explained answers to all the questions in the chapter. This chapter discusses the importance of water as a resource, its distribution, and the challenges of water scarcity in India. It highlights the need for the conservation and management of water resources, covering topics such as the types of irrigation, rainwater harvesting, and multipurpose river valley projects like the Bhakra Nangal and Hirakud dams.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 – Water Resources

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

Multiple choice questions.

(i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.

(a) A region with high annual rainfall.

(b) A region having high annual rainfall and large population.

(c) A region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.

(d) A region having low rainfall and low population.

Answer: (a) An area without a water shortage and with heavy annual rainfall
(b) A region experiencing water scarcity that has a high annual rainfall and a large population
(c) An area experiencing high yearly precipitation but severely contaminated water—a region experiencing water scarcity
(d) A region without water scarcity that receives little rainfall and has a small population

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multipurpose river projects?

(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.

(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods.

(c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large-scale displacements and loss of livelihood.

(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.

Answer:

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.

(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in the proper utilisation of water resources.

(b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.

(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.

(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.

Answer: (a) The proliferation of urban areas with dense populations and urban lifestyles has led to the mishandling of water resources.
(b) River regulation and dam construction do impact the natural flow and sedimentation of the river.
(c) When water supply in urban areas was given precedence, especially during droughts, farmers in Gujarat’s Sabarmati basin became agitated.
(d) Due to the abundant water supply from the Indira Gandhi Canal, rooftop rainwater harvesting has become less common in Rajasthan these days.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.

Answer: Water can be regarded as a renewable resource because the hydrological cycle’s three processes ensure that there will always be rain and that groundwater and surface water will continually replenish.
1. Evaporations is one of the three hydrological cycle processes.
2. Absorption of moisture
3. The Fall of Rain

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?

Answer: These include many of our cities. Therefore, a large and expanding population, which raises the demand for water and results in uneven access to it, maybe the cause of water scarcity. More water is needed in a large population, not only for household purposes but also to grow more food. As such, water resources are being overused to increase irrigated areas for dry-season agriculture in order to support higher food-grain production. The biggest user of water is irrigated agriculture. To boost productivity, the majority of farmers irrigate their fields with their own wells and tube wells. People’s access to water and food security have been negatively impacted by this.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.

Answer: Benefit number one:

irrigation
Production of electricity
3. Control of flooding
4. Provision of water for domestic and industrial uses 5. Attraction for tourists
6. Inland navigation.

Cons:
1. The water’s natural flow is impacted 2. Aquatic life is impacted
3. The surrounding land becomes submerged
4. Ecological fallout
5. The extensive relocation of local residents

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(i) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.

Answer:

Traditionally, practically every home in Rajasthan’s semi-arid and arid regions—especially in Bikaner, Phalodi, and Barmer—had an underground tank or tanka for storing drinking water. A household in Phalodi had a tank measuring 6.1 metres deep, 4.27 metres long, and 2.44 metres wide. The tanks could be as big as a large room. Built inside the main house or courtyard, the tankas were a part of the sophisticated rooftop rainwater harvesting system.

Through a pipe, they were attached to the houses’ sloping roofs. Rain that falls on the rooftops is collected in these subterranean “tankas” by travelling down the pipe. Rain usually did not collect during the first downpour because the pipes and roofs would be cleaned. The rain from the next showers was then gathered. Rainwater can be retained in tankas until the next downpour, which makes it a very dependable source of drinking water during dry spells, especially during the summer. The purest form of natural water is thought to be rainwater, or “palar pani,” as it is commonly called in these parts.

NCERT Solution For Class 10 Geography Chapter 3

(ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.

Answer:

An environmentally and socioeconomically sound substitute is a water harvesting system. Ancient India had an amazing water-harvesting system tradition in addition to highly developed hydraulic structures. People developed a variety of methods to collect floodwater, groundwater, river water, and rainfall in accordance with local ecological conditions and their water needs. They also possessed extensive knowledge of soil types and rainfall regimes.

People constructed diversion channels for agriculture in hilly and mountainous areas, resembling the “guls” or “kuls” of the Western Himalayas. “Rooftop rainwater harvesting” was a popular method, especially in Rajasthan, for storing drinking water. People created inundation channels to irrigate their fields in Bengal’s flood plains.

Agricultural fields in semi-arid and arid regions were transformed into rain-fed storage structures, known as “khadins” in Jaisalmer and “Johads” in other parts of Rajasthan, so that the water could stand and moisten the soil. In Gendathur, a secluded, impoverished village in Mysuru, Karnataka, residents have set up rainwater harvesting systems on the roofs of their homes to meet their water needs. The village now boasts the unique distinction of having an abundance of rainwater thanks to the installation of this system in nearly 200 households.

Shillong, Meghalaya is the most common place to practise rooftop rainwater harvesting. The reason this is intriguing is that the world’s highest rainfall occurs in Cherapunjee and Mawsynram, which are 55 km away from Shillong.” Water, however, is severely scarce in Shillong, the state capital. A rooftop rainwater harvesting system is found on almost every city dwelling. Rainwater harvesting on rooftops provides the household with about 15–25% of its total water requirements. In India, Tamil Nadu is the first state where all homes are required to have a rooftop rainwater harvesting system.